The Journal "Agriculture and Forestry"
Časopis "Poljoprivreda i šumarstvo"
- Since 1955 -
Year 2012, Volume 58 Issue 2
| Year : | 2012 |
| Volume : | 58 |
| Issue : | 2 |
| Authors : | Olivera NIKOLIC, Ljubinko JOVANOVIC, Miodrag JELIC, Milivoje MILOVANOVIC, Milanko PAVLOVIC |
| Title : | VARIABILITY OF SERBIAN WINTER WHEAT GENOTYPES AND THEIR EVALUATION IN TERMS OF SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE |
| Abstract : | The topic of nitrogen for wheat nutrition has become quite important over the last few decades for many reasons. The most important are the energy crises and the escalation of the price of fertiliser, causing a decrease in profitability of small grains production and an adverse impact from the excessive use of nitrogen (N) fertiliser on the ecosystem and the production healthy safe food. Despite the detrimental impacts, the use of chemical fertilisers, especially N in agriculture, together with an improvement in cropping systems (mainly in developed countries), has provided a food supply sufficient for both animal and human consumption. Therefore, the challenge for the next few decades, considering the expanding world population, will be to develop highly productive agriculture, whilst at the same time preserving the quality of the environment. A selection approach to this issue is to identify winter wheat genotypes efficient in absorption and utilisation of soil nitrogen, which would be desirable for both practical production and breeding programs. Consequently, this paper deals with an evaluation of Serbian winter wheat genotypes in terms of some indicators of their nitrogen absorption and utilisation efficiency. Genotypes KG 10, Evropa 90, and Morava were the most efficient at nitrogen accumulation in the aboveground part of plant during the phases of anthesis, grain, straw, and total nitrogen accumulation at maturity. The best nitrogen partitioning between grain and straw was registered in the genotypes KG 165/2, Pobeda and Bujna. Prima, Lepenica and Studenica had the most efficient reutilization of nitrogen, which accumulated in the plant until anthesis, while the genotypes KG 200/31, KG 253/4-1 and KG 10 expressed the greatest ability to continue nitrogen assimilation during the reproductive period. Genotypes, selected as superior in absorption and utilization of nitrogen, are considered the carriers of desirable traits in terms of wheat breeding theory, improvement of production efficiency, environmental protection, and the development of sustainable agriculture. |
| For citation : | |
| Keywords : | ecosystem, efficiency, genotypes, nitrogen, wheat |
| download paper | |